Definitions:
Reason, the ability to weigh up known facts.
Logic, the adding together of facts.
Analysis, dividing of facts.
(To offset any reflexive criticism from those trained in logic, I am well aware of the standardised categorisations of reason and logic - inductive, deductive...and others, but I am simplifying things here for the non-formally trained thinker. Simplifying things is one of my favourite pastimes.)
The Logical BasisAffirmations, assertions, recitations, chants, drills,... can be beneficial, detrimental or insignificant, depending on their design and method of application.
Here is one that some readers might like to play with.
With one of either of your hands make a loose V for victory sign, or what some call a peace sign, with the first to fingers extended and the others folded inward. It is not a ridged sign but a loose formation with the extended fingers comfortable curved, not straight, and their tips about an inch apart.
Then verbally say the following:
"Two plus two equals four."
On the first word when you say "Two", tap your two fingers together lightly on a table top, arm of a chair, or on the side of your thigh. Then raise your fingers off the surface.
Continue to speak the sentence, and on the last word when you say "four", tap your two fingers again on the table, the chair, or your thigh.
On this second tap, you may tap them slightly closer to you than the previous tap, so that the four contact places where your finger tips have tapped will roughly form to the corners of a presumed square as do the four dots on a dice on its number four face. This tapping in a slightly closer place is not essential or something to be too strict about, but it can be helpful.
What is important is the tapping with the two fingers on the first and last words and the recitation of the sentence as worded.
Repeat the sentence with the finger tap as many times as you are comfortable doing, perhaps 10 times, or more times if you like, but don't be obsessive about it. As you recite the sentence and tap on the first and last words, take a pause between each repetition and gently draw breath. Let the concept and its effect settle into your mind. Do this exercise a few times a day or as you find beneficial.
As with all affirmations, you may vary the recitations so as to keep them impactful. Perhaps alternate saying it verbally and the saying it silently in thought. Or if saying it in thought, alter or alternate the internal volume between an imagined whisper and normal internal voice. Experiment, play with it.
I term that sentence The Logical Basis. It is the first divisible sum. It is reason, logic and analysis combined at its most primary level. It provides the foundation upon which all further logic is built. Contemplate that.
With time and practice you will notice that the logical foundation of your mind becomes stronger. And from that stronger foundation, further logic is more easily exercised.
Edit/PS:
You may do the second tap on the second "two" if you like. Experiment with both ways. See if you can sense a different effect or if one is better. It is often good to do some things both right and wrong, to sense the difference between them and zero in on what is right and best.
All human skill is comprised of three layersEvery human skill that exists is comprised of three levels or layers.
First and innermost, are the governing principles that pertain to the skill. These are the laws of physics, or laws of bio-mechanics, or laws of mind that pertain the that particular skill. These are laws of nature like, the hand is quicker than the eye (move it fast and see it blur to almost being invisible); the hand is no quicker that the body (you cannot touch a wall out of arm's reach quicker than you can lean or step forward); one step backward is quicker than one step forward, but continuous steps forward are quicker than continuous steps backward; the startle is quicker than deliberate movement; emotion follows thought; values dictate the type of emotion stirred by the thought; values are subject to judgement; distance, motion and time are united, ....etc, all laws of physics, mind and nature.
Second is the foundation layer. This is the layer from which all techniques are executed, from which all techniques stem from and return to. This layer is the anchor keys on the keyboard upon which the fingertips rest on and from which they strike any key and then return to their position; it is the body holds and positions in wrestling and judo from which the locks are executed; it is the guards of the fencer, from which he parries, cuts and thrusts, and to which he returns after every execution; it is right seating in the saddle from which the horse is controlled with various bodily commands; it is being right seated in the driver's seat of the motor car; it is the player's positions on the football field from which they play their respective roles; it is the seat of concentrated awareness in the head from which all our operations of mind, speech and body are controlled and from which we do our meditative work; and, Two plus two equals four, is the foundation from which stems all analysis and logic. It is not just a concept, it is a basis. No logic is capable without it, and no logic or analysis comes before it.
The third and most outer layer is the layer of techniques. Techniques are the individual movements that are executed from, or that stem from and return to the foundation. They are the movements of the touch typing fingers as they strike any key; they are the parries, cuts, thrusts of the fencer; the locks, strangles and strikes of the wrestler; the movements the rider performs to control the horse; the operation of the car's controls; the manoeuvres and tactics of the football players; and the meditator's work as he directs his attention on the task he is working on. And if engaged in reason, then the techniques are his ability to weigh up known facts, to add facts together, and divide of facts.
In every human skill, the techniques come from or emerge from the foundation layer and return to it. If the foundation layer is weak or lacking, then the techniques that come from it will be weak and lacking.
And in every human skill, when the foundation is correct, then the techniques will largely look after themselves. But without a sound foundation, techniques will be haphazard and ill connected.
When we understand this three level layering of all human skill, it enables us to quickly learn new skills. We can watch experts performing their skills, look for the place or layer their techniques are coming from and returning to, peer through the blur of outer motion and confusing detail of technique and observe the underlying layer which is the foundation. We then see the foundation layer moving slowly and powerfully beneath the surface clutter and we can easily remember and copy the foundation layer because it is simple and basic. From there we identify our objective and can easily learn the techniques that take us to our objective, particularly if we know how to categorise them into their natural groups, always studying from the greater categories down to the lesser and more detailed. Whatever the skill, keep technique close to the foundation, and always operate within in accordance with the governing principals (natural laws) that apply to that skill.
That is part of how I have learned so many skills and have worked so many contrasting fields, for I understand how skill is layered, and I can watch someone do something and understand and copy them very quickly. I am not showing off, just telling it as it is, for those who know me often ask how I learn things so quickly, and how I identify weakness and improve things, and that is part of how I do it. There is more, such as how to gather and order knowledge, but that will have to be in another post. This post is about logic and how to become more skilful at it, and about how skill and understanding is layered.